C M5-6 minutes
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Ebensee
Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau
Auschwitz concentration camp
Mauthausen
Auschwitz
Mauthausen concentration camp
camp d’Auschwitz
KL Auschwitz
Musée national d’Auschwitz-Birkenau
camp de concentration d’Auschwitz
Le camp de concentration d’Auschwitz était un camp de concentration nazi allemand qui a existé de 1940 à 1945. Ses premiers prisonniers étaient des Polonais. Au début, un petit groupe de Juifs y était également détenu. Au cours des années suivantes, des prisonniers d’autres nationalités et ethnies y ont également été envoyés. À partir de 1942, la grande majorité des personnes envoyées à Auschwitz étaient juives et constituaient également la majeure partie de ses victimes. D’autres groupes très importants de détenus et de victimes comprenaient des Polonais, des Roms et des prisonniers de guerre soviétiques.
Ancien camp d’Auschwitz I : Arbeit macht frei gate
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KL Auschwitz
Auschwitz
Mauthausen
Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum
Auschwitz concentration camp
camp de concentration d’Auschwitz
Ebensee
Mauthausen concentration camp
camp d’Auschwitz
Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau
Source : Musée national d’Auschwitz-Birkenau (ci-après : A-BSM)
Images d’enfants ayant survécu à la libération du camp de concentration d’Auschwitz par l’Armée rouge soviétique. (Photo : BBC)
Throughout its existence the camp was systematically expanded, as a result of which it eventually consisted of three camps, that is the Main Camp (from 1943 called Auschwitz I), Birkenau (Auschwitz II) and Monowitz (Auschwitz III) with dozens of its sub-camps. Presented below can only be an outline of this vast subject, one that primarily refers to the Main Camp and Birkenau. However, the described situation of various groups of camp inmates, their living and working conditions as well as how they were treated by the SS guards and inmate functionaries was very similar in other parts of the concentration camp complex.
Former Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp: the Gate of Death
Source: A-BSM
You have arrived not at a sanatorium but at a German concentration camp in which the only way out is through the chimney. If someone doesn’t like this, he may at once go to the wires. If there are any Jews in this transport, they have no right to live longer than two weeks. If there are any priests, they may live for a month, the rest only three months.
Source: Jan Karcz, Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum Archive [henceforth A-BSMA], Recollections Fond, vol. 196, p. 118.
Auschwitz concentration camp. Prisoners being liberated. Soviet Red Army soldiers lead the remaining inmates out of the death camp. Poland, late January 1945. Photo collected by journalist Artur Bondar.
JAN KARCZ
Born on 28 August 1915 in Skalbmierz. Sent to Auschwitz in a transport from Krakow on 18 August 1940. Registered in the camp as Polish political prisoner number 1405. On 10 March 1943 transferred to the Neuengamme concentration camp. During the camp’s evacuation at the start of May 1945 he saved himself from the sinking ship Cap Arcona.
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Source: A-BSMA
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Next the commandant, as Fritzsch then still was, took us to the kitchen and said: ‘You are now in a concentration camp. There is no way out of here. You have numbers. You are no longer people, you are only numbers. You must know your number in German.’ On the kitchen roof were the … es gibst kaine … those milestones. And he says, ‘for you the only way out of here…’ and points to the crematorium.
Next the commandant, as Fritzsch then still was, took us to the kitchen and said: ‘You are now in a concentration camp. There is no way out of here. You have numbers. You are no longer people, you are only numbers. You must know your number in German.’ On the kitchen roof were the … es gibst kaine … those milestones. And he says, ‘for you the only way out of here…’ and points to the crematorium.
Source: A-BSMA
MICHAŁ PREISLER
Né le 29 septembre 1919 à Jarocin. Arrêté le 16 septembre 1941 à Częstochowa. Arrivé à Auschwitz le 25 octobre 1941 dans un convoi en provenance de la prison de Radom, il fut enregistré au camp sous le numéro 22213 de prisonnier politique polonais. Il travailla notamment au chantier de matériaux de construction ( Bauhof ), à la construction de l’usine chimique Buna-Werke et de l’usine d’équipement allemande DAW (Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke). En janvier 1945, il fut évacué vers Mauthausen, puis vers un camp annexe à Melk, puis vers Ebensee, où il fut libéré par des soldats américains le 6 mai 1945.
